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McGowan, Frederick D., Col USAF(Ret).
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Contact Info
Home Town Exeter
Last Address Sioux City, IA
Date of Passing May 25, 1990
Location of Interment Calvary Cemetery - Sioux City, Iowa
Official Badges
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Additional Information
Other Comments:
The following comments are from the talented pen, and the kind heart, of Don Skinner:
Colonel Frederick McGowan was my commanding officer at Detachment 15, 1st Combat Evaluation Group in the Republic of Vietnam during the period September through December 1967. The detachment was a liaison between Headquarters, 1st Combat Evaluation Group (1CEG, later 1CEVG) at Barksdale AFB, LA and the seven ground-directed bombing radar sites in Vietnam and Thailand. Manning was meager at the detachment as we only had two officers and five NCOs assigned. Al l had definite duties concerning supervision of various aspects of these sites, but Colonel McGowan had the penultimate responsibility for the over-all supervision of these sites and their participation in the operation known as Skyspot.
Colonel Fred, a term of endearment we called him among ourselves, was one of the few officers I had the privilege to serve with who fully respected and acknowledged the capabilities of the men who made up his command. His own experience had taught him that the men were trained, capable, and willing to accomplish the mission as it was assigned. He depended on results, and the results he received were those he wished. To be sure, he was military-minded, knowing and adhering to the lines of discipline and good order, but he was both firm and fair. In addition, he possessed a sense of humor.
Two examples of this: One of the NCOs in the Detachment, TSgt Allen Romero, injured his arm severely by falling over a chair in the darkened living quarters. Colonel Fred fashioned a large heart-shaped piece of cardboard, colored purple, and at a later impromptu party, presented it to Romero as his “Purple Heart.” Sad to say, Romero would later receive a real one.
Shortly before Christmas, Colonel Fred mock-growled at TSgt Bob Lundy, “Have you gotten my Christmas present yet?” To which Bob answered, “No, sir. When did you mail it?” Colonel Fred merely rolled his eyes and shrugged his shoulders to acknowledge the one-upmanship. Then, on the way to his office, he broke out laughing.
But he graciously and gratefully stood as he accepted the Detachment personnel’s actual Christmas present and his plaque commemorating the vital contributions to Operation Skyspot. Without his guidance and supervision, I doubt the ground-directed bombing campaign in Vietnam would have had the success it attained.
Serving with Colonel Fred was one of the highlights of my career, and I wish we would have had more time together. Duties, however, conflicted as each of us was frequently away from the detachment on various tasks. But I learned more about him from his daughter, Patricia – a most gracious lady. We met at a ceremony in 2008 at Barksdale AFB, LA that dedicated a monument to the 19 men of the 1CEG lost in Vietnam and Laos.
She informed me that her father had been born in Exeter, New Hampshire, and had enlisted in the Army Air Corps in 1942. She told me that Colonel Fred had flown as a crewman – navigator – starting with B-24s and later B-17s in the 8th Air Force’s bombing campaign of World War II. She let me read excerpts from a combat diary that a fellow crewman maintained. When I was asked to comment on some of the excerpts, I was struck by several references to the term “milk run,” meaning an easy mission. Having extensively researched 8th Air Force activities, I took exception to this casual statement.
These air crews took off in a thin-skinned airplane, loaded with tons of high explosive bombs and thousands of gallons of inflammable fuel. They faced the danger of crashing on take-off, climbed through impenetrable clouds and fog, and dodged other aircraft on their way to the assembly point. Extremely cold temperatures were a constant companion at altitude. Not so willingly, these men anticipated and accepted fighters and flak en-route to the target, and, once there, often faced the danger of erroneous bomb drops from aircraft higher in the formation. The turn-off target for home meant avoiding other aircraft assembling in formation, more fighters, flak, and a cruel, unforgiving sea between them and home. Facing these facts, how could there ever be a “milk run?” Indeed – the Greatest Generation.
I learned Colonel Fred had been struck by a round from an enemy fighter, but his flak shield prevented injury. He was also credited with a “probable,” meaning he almost certainly shot down an enemy fighter as it attacked. Certainly not an easy task when operating one of the “cheek” guns in a B-17.
But it didn’t end there. After the war, he continued flying. But by now it was in jet-powered aircraft. His favorite, I learned, was the B-47, and later he switched allegiance to the B-52. He had a series of assignments as he continued his career.
In 1948, he attended Army Finance School at Dow Field, ME, and followed that with an assignment to a navigator training wing at Mather AFB, CA. In rapid succession, during the period 1951-1954, Colonel Fred saw service in the 28th Bomb Wing (Rapid City, SD); the 9th Bomb Wing (Travis AFB, CA); the 3605th Pilot Training Wing (Ellington AFB, TX); and the 44th Bomb Wing (Lake Charles, LA). In addition, he spent a year at Thule, Greenland and by 1954 was stationed in Sidi Slimane, Morocco.
Attaining the rank of Major, he served the years 1956-1958 as a B-52 Radar Observer and B-52 Standardization Board Evaluator (StanBoard Eval) with the 42nd Bomb Wing at Loring AFB, ME. The next assignment was to the 3908 Strategic Stanboard Eval Team at Barksdale AFB, La, a position he held until 1962. Other staff level positions awaited him, and in 1966, he was selected to proceed to Vietnam and assist in establishing the ground-directed bombing campaign. It was while here that he continued his practice of writing to his family, telling them of the conditions and experiences he was encountering. At least, some of them. His daughter shared the contents of many of these letters with me, and as I read them, I felt the persona of Colonel Fred in each one.
Colonel Fred rotated home to the U.S. during the very last days of 1967, or possibly, the very first days of 1968. He then assumed staff duties at 1st Combat Evaluation Group until his retirement in 1970.
In the days of settlement on the Texas frontier, the fledging Texas Rangers learned quickly that to survive in their daily efforts to guard the border against outlaws, Mexican bandits, hostile Indians, and rustlers, each man needed a partner with courage, stamina, truthfulness, integrity, and the total involvement in the job at hand. People of this nature were acknowledged as being first-rate by saying of them, “He’ll do to ride the river with.”
But even though I could truthfully say this in summation of Colonel Fred, I would rather use an expression we used in our long-ago days of service. It was the highest praise a man could hope for, and the bestowing of it was not done lightly. It was the ultimate mark of respect, admiration, and acknowledgement of great personal worth.
So, I say once again of Colonel Fred:
“He was good people.”
Donald C. Skinner
Chief Master Sergeant (USAF) Retired
Operation Arc Light
From Month/Year
June / 1965
To Month/Year
May / 1973
Description Operation Arc Light was the 1965 deployment of B-52F Stratofortress as conventional bombers from bases in the US to Guam. Arc Light missions continued until the cessation of hostilities by all U.S. forces on August 15, 1973.
My Participation in This Battle or Operation
From Month/Year
June / 1965
To Month/Year
December / 1970
Last Updated: Mar 16, 2020
Personal Memories
Memories Lt. Col. McGowan was Squadron Commander, Ground Directed Bombing at both Pleiku AB and Bien Hoa AB in 1966. During this time he also assisted in establishing other radar sites in Vietnam.
From June 1967 through January 1968 Lt. Col. McGowan was Commander of All Radar Bombing in SEA (HQ was Detachment 15 Tan Son Nhut).
Operation Hawthorne
Operation Hawthorne was "one of the most successful military operations of the war to date" and one of the bloodiest. An entire major NVA unit was rendered "combat ineffective" with over 1200 KIA. The battle raged from June 1st through June 21st.
Skyspot played a major role in Operation Hawthorne and was commended by General Westmoreland. "During the hours of darkness and periods of reduced visibility resulting from the southwest monsoons, around-the-clock close air support was provided by 160 radar-controlled air strikes."
The 101st Airborne arrived in Pleiku on May 28th, 1966. Col. McGowan (Lt. Col. at the time) visits them the next day. On May 31st General Pearson, CG of the 101st visits Skyspot in Pleiku. It is only a few days later when General Pearson calls in Arc-Light missions and Skyspot to help his troops with close air support.
In early June, the 1st Brigade of the 101st Airborne was airlifted to Dak To in the Central Highlands "to relieve an ARVN Regional Forces garrison besieged by a large NVA force at the Toumorong outpost twenty kilometers northeast of Dak To."
Read about the battle at this link: http://101_lha.tripod.com/101st_lha/id78.html
Another good source is the book, History of the 101st Airborne Division edited by Colonel Robert Jones.
The following are excerpts from letters concerning Operation Hawthorne from my father, Col. McGowan:
Sun 29 May 1966 [Pleiku] Dear Norma, Mike and Patty, The 101st at Airborne came in last Thursday and pitched their tents just across the street from us. The Catholic Chaplain just called yesterday and said he had the 101st Catholic Chaplain with him and would I like to go and visit the 101st. This was really an experience to see the way they live. They sleep in sleeping bags on the ground with a poncho pitched like a pup tent over them to keep them dry. I asked one why they didn't have tents and he remarked that anything the men used, they had to carry themselves and ponchos are much lighter than pup tents. They also dig a ditch around their tent with a drain at one end to keep from floating away. I asked the Priest what he was going to do when he returned to the States, and he said he was going to a Monastery for a year. I told him it would take about that long to Church Break his language. He laughed and said if he's not careful when he gets back, he's really going to shock some sedate Priest. He talks just like the rest of the men and is half covered with mud like everybody. This is one of the best outfits over here and they've been in the thick of it for a long time. Of course, the Priest is always with them getting shot at just like everybody else. The meat that they were cooking, it all comes out of cans called "A" rations, looked and smelled better than that which we get at the Officer's Club. I also met the Commander, Lt Col Fleming. I understand there was quite an article about him in either Time or Newsweek. Love, Dad
Tues. 31 May, 1966 [Pleiku] Dear Norma, Mike, & Patty, Had another dignitary visit the site at 0800 this morning. Brig. Gen Pearson, the Commander of the 101st Airborne, spent about forty five minutes with us and was very impressed. He couldn't have given the group any more praise than he did. We've also been assisting the 1st Cavalry Div. Love, Dad
Sun 12 June 1966 [Pleiku] Dear Norma, Mike, & Patty: We were just highly complimented by General Westmoreland on the large part we played in Operation Hawthorne! Love, Dad
Thur 16 June 1966 [Bien Hoa] Dear Norma, Mike, & Patty: We played a major role in operation Hawthorne. In fact we put in about 90% of all the strikes in that area with excellent results. This last week has been the busiest week we've had. Read in the Stars and Stripes, the Hong Kong Daily, and the Saigon News about a new bombing system called Skyspot that can drop bombs on enemy troops on a 24 hour basis regardless of weather or whether it's day or not. Also read in the same article about their participation in Hawthorne. Love, Dad
[The following letter was written shortly after Captain Carpenter returned from the battle. Capt. Carpenter received the Distinguished Service Cross for his heroism during Operation Hawthorne. On June 9th, completely surrounded by NVA and taking heavy losses, Captain Carpenter took the only course of action available to him ? he called in a napalm strike on his own positions. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Carpenter]
Wed 22 June 1966 [Pleiku] Dear Norma, Mike, & Patty: Mailed two more rolls of film home to you this afternoon. Most of the pictures are of a Vietnamese ceremony. Once a month they have Heroes Day at II Corps Headquarters which is just down the hill from our site. I didn't know what was going on so I went and got the camera and went down to see. I was standing in the crowd when a Vietnamese Major came over to me and said, "You come with me, have seats for you." I got escorted to one of the red leather chairs in the front row next to the speaker's platform. The man in the left section, front row, far right is Capt. Carpenter. He's in the front row far left after they leave the platform. The natives in the picture are Montagnards.
Love, Dad
Mon 27 June 1966 [Bien Hoa] Dear Norma, Mike, & Patty: Understand there have been news broadcasts, television pictures, and write ups in newspapers and magazines about our operation. There's also supposed to be an article about it in Newsweek. Would you save all these for me to read when I get back. All this started with our participation in operation Hawthorne. The final report is due at MACV the end of this week. Gen. Pearson, the CG of the 101st Airborne, has already said that this was the best joint effort of Army and Air Force since this war started. We didn't put the napalm on Capt. Carpenter! Love, Dad
Below is a portion of a commendation letter that Gen. Westmoreland sent to Skyspot in September of 1966.
"Letter of Commendation
"I wish to commend the personnel of the 1st Combat Evaluation Group (SAC) for their contribution to the counter-insurgency effort in Southeast Asia by outstanding performance of duty in the expedited installation and operation of the vital Sky Spot facilities. The detailed planning, extensive coordination, sound engineering and technical skills that were applied during these installations are commendable and in keeping with the highest professional traditions of the Strategic Air Command. Although operational only a few months, the Sky Spot facilities have increased greatly the offensive capabilities of US and the Free World military forces in Southeast Asia; and were a vital contributing factor to our highly successful campaigns in thwarting the enemy's monsoon offensive.
"The rapid reaction and minimum installation time in accomplishing the required tasks under adverse weather conditions and frequently in a hostile environment has been particularly noteworthy. Over the past four months SAC personnel have directed in excess of 5000 air strikes against targets thereby contributing significantly to the counter-insurgency effort. The success that this operation has enjoyed is directly attributable to the dedication and professionalism displayed by these personnel.
"W. C. WESTMORELAND General, United States Army "Commanding"