After I retired in 1977, I attended ST. Clair County Community College and Majored in Electronic Technology. I completed my associate degree studies in 1 year and graduated cum laude. While attending school I helped teach some of the courses I was taking and also tutored several students.
In 1978, I was hired by Detroit Edison as a Startup Test Technician at Fermi II Nuclear Power Plant. I directed instrument repairmen in instrument calibration, repair and Startup systems testing. I also wrote initial procedures for calibrating instrument and control loops.
In 1983, as an Engineering Technician, I was the Instrument And Control Procedure Coordinator. I reviewed Surveillance Procedures, scheduled the rewriting of Procedures and implemented Procedures by performing Initial tests and calibrations of Instrument and Control Systems.
In 1987, as a Senior Engineering Technician, I worked in Plant Safety as an Operating Experience Coordinator. In that position I reviewed Nuclear Power Plant Operating Experience Reports (OER) to determine applicability to Fermi. If found to be applicable, any corrective actions that were found to be needed, were taken to avoid similar occurences at Fermi. I also input OER information into data bases and maintained files.
In 1993, I retired from Detroit Edison. I had, by then, had two silent heart attacks that caused major damage to my heart muscle. This left me with only one functioning artery and no possibility of correction with bypass surgery.
After retiring from DTE, I was hired by Target as a Building Specialist. I was in charge of all store maintenance. This included lighting, wiring, painting and repairing of all store equipment. I also wrote preventive maintenace procedures for items such as the Store Emergency Generator and Trash Compactor.
In 1998, I retired from Target and have remained retired.
With the onset ofthe dry season, the USAF began another air interdiction campaign on November 1, 1971, COMMADO HUNT VII was primarily directed against enemy traffic over the Ho Chi Minh Trail in Laos. although USAF pilots also flew missions in South Vietnam and Cambodia. The campaign consisted of 3 phases. First, U.S. pilots bombed the Mu Gia and Ban Karai Passes, entry points from North Vietnam into Laos. In phase 2, tactical aircraft attacked chokepoints on key transportation routes, bombing or strafing stalled trucks and full storage sites.
Phase 3 began in early 1972, when the Air Force shifted air strikes, including B-S2 bombing. to entry points between Laos and South Vietnam. During the 5-month interdiction campaign. B-52s and AC-130s hit enemy traffic at night. while during the day tactical fighters bombed and strafed trucks and other targets of opportunity. From November 1971 through March 1972. U.S. aircraft damaged or destroyed an estimated 10.000 trucks in the Laotian panhandle and about 1,500 more in northeastern Laos.
Besides the interdiction missions along the Ho Chi Minh Trail. USAF pilots flew close air support sonies for Laotian forces now under increasing pressure from the enemy on the Bolovens Plateau and the Plain of Jars. On November 25, Royal Laotian troops held most of the Bolovens Plateau, but within 2 weeks, on December 6, the North Vietnamese once again drove the Laotian forces from Saravane, on the northem edge of the plateau. On January 3. 1972, Pak Song. a town 35 miles south of Saravane, fell to advancing Communist troops and by January 11 the Bolovens Plateau was in the hands of the Communists. In northern Laos, on December 18. 1971, the Pathet Lao and North Vietnamese forces mounted a major offensive on the Plain of Jars and on January 31, 1972, cut the highway between the capital, Vientiane, and the old Royal
city of Luang Prabang.
By this time, interdiction and close air support missions in Laos had become much more dangerous because of greatly improved air defenses.
For example, on March 29. 1972, the U.S. Air Force lost an AC-130 ten miles southwest of Tchepone to a surface-to-air missile On May 5, when the Communists first introduced the shoulder-fired infrared heat- seeking missile. the SA-7 Strela. 1 of the missiles damaged an AC-130
near An Loc. South Vietnam. about 55 miles northwest of Saigon.
During COMMADO HUNT Vll, the USAF mounted several air raids against targets in North Vietnam in retaliation for enemy fire on reconnaissance aincraft. On November 7 and 8, I971, U.S. aircraft bombed 3 airlields at Dong Hoi, on the coast 35 miles north of the DMZ; at Vinh, 90 miles further up the coast and about 160 miles south of Hanoi;and at Quan Lang, on the 20th parallel near the Laotian border and less than 100 miles southwest of Hanoi. From December 26 to 30 the United States conducted the heaviest air attacks on North Vietnam since October 1968. Flying 1,025 sorties against military installations south of the 20th parallel.
In spite of the escalating air and ground war. the U.S. continued to withdraw its forces from Southeast Asia. On November 17, 1971, the USAF inactivated the 12th Tactical Fighter Wing and on December 1 the 834th Air Division, at Phu Cat Air Base. Later that month, the USAF transferred base operations at Phu Cat to the VNAF. By the end of December only 158,000 U.S. troops of all services remained in South Vietnam. The withdrawal of American forces continued, although no progress had as yet been secured in the Paris peace talks. Indeed, in February and March 1972 Communist delegates again boycotted the sessions for 4 weeks. In March the 315th Tactical Airlift Wing inactivated at Phan Rang Air Base, and the 504th Tactical Air Support Group inactivated at Cam Ranh Bay. While the USAF inactivated or redeployed units, reduced its manpower, and gave up various functions. South Vietnamese. Laotian, and Cambodian pilots increasingly flew interdiction and close air support sortics. as well as airlift and other support missions.
My Participation in This Battle or Operation
From Month/Year
November / 1971
To Month/Year
March / 1972
Last Updated: Mar 16, 2020
Personal Memories
Memories I was stationed At American Forces Vietnam Network (AFVN) and worked as a night engineer in Saigon keeping all Station Electronic Equipment on line to support Radio & TV broadcasts. I also aided in bringing the Nha Trang Radio/TV Station on line to broadcast to the Nha Trang Area.
100% Retired
