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Contact Info
Home Town Hillsboro, Texas
Last Address Washington, DC
Date of Passing Apr 14, 1983
Location of Interment Arlington National Cemetery (VLM) - Arlington, Virginia
On Jul 6, 1928, Richard Carmichael enlisted in the Texas National Guard and was honorably discharged on Jul 5, 1932 so as to enter the U.S. Military Academy at West Point. His flight training was with the Army Air Corps at Kelly Field where he received his Pilot Wings.
In April of 1944 then Colonel Carmichel deployed to India until he was shot down over Japan and taken a Prisoner of War on Aug 20, 1944. On Aug 29, 1945 he was repatriated. He was hospitalized for his injuries at San Antonio, TX from about Aug of 1945 to Feb of 1946. From Mar to Aug 1946 he was an Administrative Officer at Wright Field, OH. He attended Air Command and Staff School at Maxwell Field, AL and after completion remained at Air University as Chief of the Air Power Employment Branch until Jun 1949, after which he joined the 11th Bomb Group as Commander as depicted on the right panel. He medically retired from the U.S. Air Force on Jan 19, 1961 while he was Commandant of the Air Command and Staff College with Air University at Maxwell AFB, AL.
First Award of the Distinguished Service Cross:
"Carmichael, Richard H. (POW)
The President of the United States takes pleasure in presenting the Distinguished Flying Cross to Richard H. Carmichael, Lieutenant Colonel (Air Corps), U.S. Army Air Forces, for extraordinary heroism in connection with military operations against an armed enemy while serving as Pilot of a B-17 Heavy Bomber and Commander of the 19th Bombardment Group (H), Fifth Air Force, while participating in a bombing mission on 7 August 1942, against enemy ground targets in the Southwest Pacific Area. On this date, as Commander of the 19th Bombardment Group, Lieutenant Colonel Carmichael led sixteen B-17 bombers in a daring daylight, high-level raid over Rabaul. After dropping his bombs, Colonel Carmichaels' bomber was attacked,during which a crewman was wounded and the oxygen system was shot out. Colonel Carmichael dove to a lower level, evading enemy attackers until he could find the safety of the clouds and return to his base. The Personal courage and devotion to duty displayed by Lieutenant Colonel Carmichael on this occasion have upheld the highest traditions of the military service and reflect great credit upon himself, the 5th Air Force, and the United States Army Air Forces. Headquarters: South West Pacific Area, General Orders No. 27 (1942)"
Note: The second Distinguished Service Cross (Bronze Oak Leaf Cluster) was awarded in 1945 for actions while he was a pilot with the 462d Bombardment Group, 20th Air Force.
Other Comments:
World War II/China-India-Burma Theater/China Defensive Campaign (1942-45)
From Month/Year
July / 1942
To Month/Year
May / 1945
Description (China Defensive Campaign 4 July 1942 to 4 May 1945) The China Theater of Operations more resembled the Soviet-German war on the Eastern Front than the war in the Pacific or the war in Western Europe. On the Asian continent, as on the Eastern Front, an Allied partner, China, carried the brunt of the fighting. China had been at war with Japan since 1937 and continued the fight until the Japanese surrender in 1945. The United States advised and supported China's ground war, while basing only a few of its own units in China for operations against Japanese forces in the region and Japan itself. The primary American goal was to keep the Chinese actively in the Allied war camp, thereby tying down Japanese forces that otherwise might be deployed against the Allies fighting in the Pacific.
The United States confronted two fundamental challenges in the China theater. The first challenge was political. Despite facing a common foe in Japan, Chinese society was polarized. Some Chinese were supporters of the Nationalist Kuomintang government; some supported one of the numerous former warlords nominally loyal to the Nationalists; and some supported the Communists, who were engaged in a guerrilla war against the military and political forces of the Nationalists. Continuing tensions, which sometimes broke out into pitched battles, precluded development of a truly unified Chinese war effort against the Japanese.
The second challenge in the China theater was logistical. Fighting a two-front war of its own, simultaneously having to supply other Allies, and facing enormous distances involved in moving anything from the United States to China, the U.S. military could not sustain the logistics effort required to build a modern Chinese army. Without sufficient arms, ammunition, and equipment, let alone doctrine and leadership training, the Chinese Nationalist Army was incapable of driving out the Japanese invaders. A "Europe-first" U.S. policy automatically lowered the priority of China for U.S.-manufactured arms behind the needs of U.S. forces, of other European Allies, and of the Soviet Union. The China theater was also the most remote from the United States. American supplies and equipment had to endure long sea passages to India for transshipment to China, primarily by airlift. But transports bringing supplies to China had to fly over the Himalayas the so-called Hump, whose treacherous air currents and rugged
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mountains claimed the lives of many American air crews. Despite a backbreaking effort, only a fraction of the supplies necessary to successfully wage a war ever reached southern China.
Regardless of these handicaps, the United States and Nationalist China succeeded in forging a coalition that withstood the tests of time. Indeed, Chinese leader Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, the Allied Supreme Commander, China Theater, accepted, though reluctantly, U.S. Army generals as his chiefs of staff. This command relationship also endured differences in national war aims and cultures, as well as personalities, until the end of the war. The original policies of President Franklin D. Roosevelt and Army Chief of Staff George C. Marshall succeeded, China stayed in the war and prevented sizable numbers of Japanese troops from deploying to the Pacific.
